The total population of Spain is 46,397,452 people. The people of Spain speak the Spanish language. The linguistic diversity of Spain is diverse according to a fractionation scale, which for Spain is 0.4132. The average age is around 41.6 years. Life expectancy in Spain is 83. Female fertility rate in Spain is 1.3. About 27% of the Spanish population is obese. Ethnic diversity is diverse according to a fractionation scale, which for Spain is 0.4165. Details of the language, religion, age, gender distribution and advancement of the people of Spain can be found in the sections below, as well as the section on education in the country.

Population
In Spain, the population density is 93 people per square kilometer (242 per square mile). Based on these statistics, this country is considered sparsely populated. The total population of Spain is 46,397,452 people. Spain has approximately 4,464,997 foreign immigrants. Immigrants in Spain account for 2.8 percent of the total number of immigrants worldwide. Immigrants in Spain account for 13.8 percent of the total number of immigrants worldwide. The ethnic diversity of Spain is diverse according to a fractionation scale based on ethnicity. Ethnic Fractionation (EF) deals with the number, size, socioeconomic distribution, and geographic location of diverse cultural groups, usually within a state or some other demarcated area. Specific cultural characteristics can refer to language, skin color, religion, ethnicity, customs and traditions, history, or other distinctive criteria, alone or in combination. These characteristics are often used for social exclusion and power monopolization. The index of ethnic fractionation in Spain is 0.4165. This means that there is a certain diversity in Spain, although all people can still be divided into a relatively small number of large ethnic groups. EF is usually measured as 1 minus the Herfindahl concentration index of ethnolinguistic group proportions, which reflects the probability that two randomly drawn individuals from the population belong to different groups. The theoretical maximum of EF of 1 means that each person belongs to a different group. Read below Spain's statistics on the average age and gender distribution at different ages.

Age
The average age is around 41.6 years. The average age of men is 40.4, the average age of women is 42.9.

Gender
The sex ratio, or number of males for every female (estimated at birth), is 1.07. It can be further broken down into the following categories: sex ratio below 15 - 1.06; sex ratio from 15 to 64 - 1.01; sex ratio over 64 - 0.72; Overall sex ratio - 0.96. The overall sex ratio differs from the sex ratio estimated at birth. This is because some newborns are included in the sex ratio estimated at birth, but die within the first few weeks of life and are not included in the overall sex ratio.

Religion
The majority religion in Spain is Christianity, whose adherents make up 78.6% of all religious believers in the country. Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ as presented in the New Testament. Christianity is the largest religion in the world with over 2.4 billion followers known as Christians. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God and the Savior of mankind, whose coming as Christ or Messiah was prophesied in the Old Testament. Besides Christianity, there are several other religions in the country. Other religions in Spain are Islam, Hinduism. The religious diversity of Spain is diverse according to a fractionation scale based on the number of religions in Spain. The index of religious fractionation in Spain is 0.4514. This score means that within the country there is one major religion and several other minor beliefs.

General development
Spain is considered a developed nation. A nation's level of development is determined by a number of factors including, but not limited to, economic prosperity, life expectancy, income equality and quality of life. As a developed nation, Spain is able to offer its citizens social services such as public education, health care and law enforcement. Citizens of developed countries enjoy a high standard of living and longer life expectancies than citizens of developing countries.